Wero is a good alternative that is in the process of being rolled out.
However, the main issue is that that rollout is painfully slow, and seemingly is not being accelerated in what is frankly an existential threat to European sovereignty.
Read about Digital Euro that has a big chance to be a great alternative to Visa/Matercard. Coming possibly in one or two years. And yes, at this point, it requires at least a state or union of states (EU) backing.
Edit: And I recently learned there is GNU Taler as well.
I would feel though that Europe has a lot more of a chance then America at being able to make an alternative.
I would love to see an open standard for transactions that can come with the same protections or similar that you can get with credit cards for fraud.
Wero is a good alternative that is in the process of being rolled out.
However, the main issue is that that rollout is painfully slow, and seemingly is not being accelerated in what is frankly an existential threat to European sovereignty.
Read about Digital Euro that has a big chance to be a great alternative to Visa/Matercard. Coming possibly in one or two years. And yes, at this point, it requires at least a state or union of states (EU) backing. Edit: And I recently learned there is GNU Taler as well.